Quisitor - Take Quiz

1

Which one of the following statements regarding the blood vessels is correct?

The blood flow velocity is slowest in the large veins.

Small arteries are important determinants of total peripheral resistance.

The lowest intravascular hydrostatic pressures are in the capillaries.

The large veins act as diastolic pumps.

The large arteries function as reservoirs for blood.

2

Which one of the following statements regarding the normal heart is NOT CORRECT?

The atrio-ventricular valves are closed during diastole.

If the mitral valve is open, then the aortic valve must be closed.

If the aortic valve is open, then the mitral valve must be closed.

If the aortic valve is closed, then the mitral valve can be closed.

The ventricular pressure during diastole depends on the compliance of the ventricle.

3

The descending thoracic aorta passes from thorax into the abdomen

adjacent to the xiphisternum at the level of T6.

through the central tendon of the diaphragm at the level of T8.

through the muscular part of the diaphragm at the level of T10.

between the crura of the diaphragm at the level of T12.

4

Fluid (eg. vomitus) aspirated in the supine position typically enters which one of the following bronchopulmonary segments?

Apical segment of the upper lobe.

Posterior segment of the upper lobe.

Apical (superior) segment of the lower lobe.

Posterior basal segment of the lower lobe.

5

Ventilation in a normal adult

occurs via the upper airway, trachea and branching bronchial system which has a total volume of about 50 mls.

involves activation of the inspiratory and expiratory muscles at rest.

occurs because the pleural pressure is less than the transpulmonary pressure.

results in a minute ventilation of about 15 L/min at rest.

maintains arterial pH lower than venous pH.

6

A normal adult is wearing a very tight band around their thorax. This is likely to

reduce total lung capacity (TLC).

reduce frequency of breathing.

reduce the compliance of the lungs.

reduce the resistive work of breathing.

reduce the sensation of breathing.

7

Comparing the characteristics of the blood in the pulmonary arteries (PA blood) with that in the pulmonary veins at sea level. In PA blood there is

less dissolved carbon dioxide.

more carbamino compounds.

less bicarbonate.

more dissolved oxygen.

fewer binding sites for oxygen.

8

The supply of oxygen to the tissues

is independent of PaO2.

will be doubled by doubling the FiO2 (from 0.21 to 0.42 at sea level).

will be unchanged by breathing 5% carbon monoxide.

is less if the Hb-oxygen dissociation is shifted to the left (lower P50)

increases if cardiac output increases.

9

The major house dust mite allergens are also

amylases.

neurotoxins.

cholinesterases.

proteases.

histocompatibility antigens.

10

When airway smooth muscle is intensely contracted the observed shift in a β2-adrenoceptor agonist concentration response curve would reveal

enhanced breakdown of acetylcholine.

induction of excessive prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).

gain of potency but loss of efficacy.

reduced efficacy.

Enhanced rate of relaxation and enhanced efficacy.

11

Which one of the following features is not a characteristic of acute lung injury?

Pulmonary oedema.

Increased respiratory work

Ventilation/perfusion mismatch.

Increased lung compliance.

Hypoxemia.

12

Which one of the following is NOT an effect of β2-adrenoceptor agonists?

Airway dilatation.

Skeletal muscle tremor.

Tachycardia.

Reduced bronchial swelling.

Tolerance.

13

Which one of the following statements regarding mucus is NOT CORRECT?

Mucus contains anti-oxidants.

Mucus is secreted by goblet cells.

Mucus is removed by the action of cilia.

Mucus production is increased in asthma.

Mucus production is reduced in COPD.

14

The routine chest radiograph is optimally performed as an erect PA inspiratory examination in order to:

magnify the cardiac contour so that it is more easily seen.

allow fluid to adopt a level in the bases.

cause the scapulae to be displaced away from the lung fields.

cause the pulmonary arteries to distend thus becoming more visible.

make the examination more comfortable for the patient.

15

Which one of the following statements concerning diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) is correct?

Sepsis and gastric aspiration are common causes of DAD.

Left ventricular failure is a common cause of DAD.

Type 1 pneumocytes proliferate in response to DAD.

A hyaline membrane accumulates within the alveolar wall in DAD.

DAD is associated with reduced permeability of alveolar capillaries.

CRL Quiz 1 2009

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