JCU MB4 Term 1 Week 7 (Hypertension and Cardiac Failure)

1

A 54-year-old male was found to have a blood pressure of 160/94 mmHg on several occasions. The most likely cause?

2

Mr X, a 61-year-old SCUBA trainer and a heavy smoker complained of occipital headache and blurring of vision. His BP was 200/110 mmHg. After emergency treatment, Mr X underwent a biopsy which appears below. What is the arrow pointing to?

Hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis

3

A middle-aged man died in a car crash. His personal belongings included an unused strip of Atenolol. Appearance of his kidney at autospy is shown. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Grain-leather kidney

4

A middle-aged man died in a car crash. His personal belongings included an unused strip of Atenolol. The image below shows the suspected cause of his car crash. What is the diagnosis?

Cerebral infarction

5

A 61-year-old retired school teacher had mild hypertension not responding to treatment. She also complained of muscle weakness. Her plasma renin level was low. What is the most likely diagnosis?

6

32-year-old woman with long-standing dysponeoa and cough. Afebrile. Recently developed pedal oedema. Chest examination shows bilateral crepitations, mid-diastolic murmur. Gross specimen of lung is shown. What is the diagnosis?

Congested lung

7

75-year-old man, died of chronic cor pulmonale. Liver at autopsy is shown. What is the diagnosis?

Nutmeg liver

8

48-year-old chronic alcoholic with exertional dyspnoea, cough, fatigue. Examination shows afebrile, generalised oedema, bilateral crepitations. No evidence of iscahemia or valvular disease. Gross heart specimen is shown. What is the diagnosis?

Dilated cardiomyopathy

9

In a patient who has sustained myocardial injury, which of the following is the earliest step in the development of heart failure?